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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="CONFIGURATION"
>3. Configuration</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN354"
>3.1. What exactly is an <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"actions"</SPAN
> file?</A
></H3
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> utilizes the concept of <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>" <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>actions</A
>"</SPAN
>
that are used to manipulate and control web page data.
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
>Actions files</A
>
are where these <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>actions</A
>
that <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> could take while processing a certain
request, are configured. Typically, you would define a set of default actions
that apply globally to all URLs, then add exceptions to these defaults where needed.
There is a wide array of actions available that give the user a high degree
of control and flexibility on how to process each and every web page.</P
><P
> Actions can be defined on a <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#AF-PATTERNS"
TARGET="_top"
>URL pattern</A
> basis, i.e.
for single URLs, whole web sites, groups or parts thereof etc. Actions can also be
grouped together and then applied to requests matching one or more patterns.
There are many possible actions that might apply to any given site. As an example,
if you are blocking <A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie"
TARGET="_top"
>cookies</A
>
as one of your default actions, but need to accept cookies from a given site,
you would need to define an exception for this site in one of your actions
files, preferably in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="ACTIONSS"
>3.2. The <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"actions"</SPAN
> concept confuses me. Please list
some of these <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"actions"</SPAN
>.</A
></H3
><P
> For a comprehensive discussion of the actions concept, please refer
to the <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
>actions file
chapter</A
> in the <A
HREF="../user-manual/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>User
Manual</A
>. It includes a <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>list of all actions</A
>
and an <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ACT-EXAMPLES"
TARGET="_top"
>actions
file tutorial</A
> to get you started.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN377"
>3.3. How are actions files configured? What is the easiest
way to do this?</A
></H3
><P
> Actions files are just text files in a special syntax and can be edited
with a text editor. But probably the easiest way is to access
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>'s user interface with your web browser
at <A
HREF="http://config.privoxy.org/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://config.privoxy.org/</A
>
(Shortcut: <A
HREF="http://p.p/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://p.p/</A
>) and then select
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<A
HREF="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status"
TARGET="_top"
>View &#38;
change the current configuration</A
>"</SPAN
> from the menu. Note
that this feature must be explicitly enabled in the main config file
(see <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ENABLE-EDIT-ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>enable-edit-actions</A
>).</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN386"
>3.4. There are several different <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"actions"</SPAN
> files. What are
the differences?</A
></H3
><P
> Three actions files
are being included by the developers, to be used for
different purposes: These are
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.action</TT
>, the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"main"</SPAN
> actions file
which is actively maintained by the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>
developers and typically sets the default policies, <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
>,
where users are encouraged to make their private customizations.
Please see <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
>the actions chapter</A
>
in the <A
HREF="../user-manual/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>User Manual</A
> for a more
detailed explanation.</P
><P
> Earlier versions included three different versions of the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.action</TT
> file. The new scheme allows for
greater flexibility of local configuration, and for browser based
selection of pre-defined <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"aggressiveness"</SPAN
> levels.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="GETUPDATES"
>3.5. Where can I get updated Actions Files?</A
></H3
><P
> Based on your feedback and the continuing development, updates of
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.action</TT
> will be
made available from time to time on the <A
HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=11118"
TARGET="_top"
>files section</A
> of
our <A
HREF="http://sf.net/projects/ijbswa/"
TARGET="_top"
>project page</A
>.
</P
><P
> If you wish to receive an email notification whenever we release updates of
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> or the actions file, <A
HREF="http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/ijbswa-announce/"
TARGET="_top"
>subscribe
to our announce mailing list</A
>, ijbswa-announce@lists.sourceforge.net.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="NEWCONFIG"
>3.6. Can I use my old config files?</A
></H3
><P
> The syntax and purpose of configuration files has remained roughly the
same throughout the 3.x series, but backwards compatibility is not guaranteed.
Also each release contains updated, <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"improved"</SPAN
> versions and it is
therefore strongly recommended to install the newer configuration files
and merge back your modifications.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="DIFFICULT"
>3.7. Why is the configuration so complicated?</A
></H3
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Complicated"</SPAN
> is in the eye of the beholder. Those that are
familiar with some of the underlying concepts, such as regular expression
syntax, take to it like a fish takes to water. Also, software that tries
hard to be <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"user friendly"</SPAN
>, often lacks sophistication and
flexibility. There is always that trade-off there between power vs.
easy-of-use. Furthermore, anyone is welcome to contribute ideas and
implementations to enhance <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="YAHOO"
>3.8. How can I make my Yahoo/Hotmail/Gmail account work?</A
></H3
><P
> The default configuration shouldn't impact the usability of any of these services.
It may, however, make all <A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie"
TARGET="_top"
>cookies</A
>
temporary, so that your browser will forget your
login credentials in between browser sessions. If you would like not to have to log
in manually each time you access those websites, simply turn off all cookie handling
for them in the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
> file. An example for yahoo might
look like:
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
># Allow all cookies for Yahoo login:
#
{ -<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#CRUNCH-INCOMING-COOKIES"
TARGET="_top"
>crunch-incoming-cookies</A
> -<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#CRUNCH-OUTGOING-COOKIES"
TARGET="_top"
>crunch-outgoing-cookies</A
> -<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY"
TARGET="_top"
>session-cookies-only</A
> }
.login.yahoo.com</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> These kinds of sites are often quite complex and heavy with
<A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javascript"
TARGET="_top"
>Javascript</A
> and
thus <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"fragile"</SPAN
>. So if <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>still</I
></SPAN
> a problem,
we have an <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ALIASES"
TARGET="_top"
>alias</A
> just for such
sticky situations:
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
># Gmail is a _fragile_ site:
#
{ <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>fragile</TT
> }
# Gmail is ...
mail.google.com</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> Be sure to flush your browser's caches whenever making these kinds of
changes, just to make sure the changes <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"take"</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
> Make sure the domain, host and path are appropriate as well. Your browser can
tell you where you are specifically and you should use that information for
your configuration settings. Note that above it is not referenced as
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>gmail.com</TT
>, which is a valid domain name.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="CONFIGFILES"
>3.9. What's the difference between the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Cautious"</SPAN
>, <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Medium"</SPAN
> and <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Advanced"</SPAN
> defaults?</A
></H3
><P
> Configuring <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> is not entirely trivial. To
help you get started, we provide you with three different default action
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"profiles"</SPAN
> in the web based actions file editor at <A
HREF="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status"
TARGET="_top"
>http://config.privoxy.org/show-status</A
>.
See the <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
><I
CLASS="CITETITLE"
>User
Manual</I
></A
> for a list of actions, and how the default
profiles are set.
</P
><P
> Where the defaults are likely to break some sites, exceptions for
known popular <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"problem"</SPAN
> sites are included, but in
general, the more aggressive your default settings are, the more exceptions
you will have to make later. New users are best to start off in
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Cautious"</SPAN
> setting. This is safest and will have the fewest
problems. See the <A
HREF="../user-manual/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
><I
CLASS="CITETITLE"
>User Manual</I
></A
>
for a more detailed discussion.</P
><P
> It should be noted that the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Advanced"</SPAN
> profile (formerly known
as the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Adventuresome"</SPAN
> profile) is more
aggressive, and will make use of some of
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy's</SPAN
> advanced features. Use at your own risk!</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="BROWSECONFIG"
>3.10. Why can I change the configuration
with a browser? Does that not raise security issues?</A
></H3
><P
> It may seem strange that regular users can edit the config files with their
browsers, although the whole <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/privoxy</TT
> hierarchy
belongs to the user <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"privoxy"</SPAN
>, with only 644 permissions.
</P
><P
> When you use the browser-based editor, <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>
itself is writing to the config files. Because
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> is running as the user <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"privoxy"</SPAN
>,
it can update its own config files.
</P
><P
> If you run <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> for multiple untrusted users (e.g. in
a LAN) or aren't entirely in control of your own browser, you will probably want
to make sure that the the web-based editor and remote toggle features are
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"off"</SPAN
> by setting <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
><A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ENABLE-EDIT-ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>enable-edit-actions</A
>
0</TT
>"</SPAN
> and <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
><A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ENABLE-REMOTE-TOGGLE"
TARGET="_top"
>enable-remote-toggle</A
>
0</TT
>"</SPAN
> in the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html"
TARGET="_top"
>main configuration file</A
>.
</P
><P
> As of <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> 3.0.7 these options are disabled by default.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN481"
>3.11. What is the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.filter</TT
> file? What is a <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"filter"</SPAN
>?</A
></H3
><P
> The <A
HREF="../user-manual/filter-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.filter</TT
></A
>
file is where <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>filters</I
></SPAN
> as supplied by the developers are defined.
Filters are a special subset of actions that can be used to modify or
remove web page content or headers on the fly. Content filters can
be applied to <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>anything</I
></SPAN
> in the page source,
header filters can be applied to either server or client headers.
Regular expressions are used to accomplish this.</P
><P
> There are a number of pre-defined filters to deal with common annoyances. The
filters are only defined here, to invoke them, you need to use the
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#FILTER"
TARGET="_top"
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>filter</TT
>
action</A
> in one of the actions files. Content filtering is automatically
disabled for inappropriate MIME types, but if you now better than Privoxy
what should or should not be filtered you can filter any content you like.</P
><P
> Filters should
<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>not</I
></SPAN
> be confused with <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>blocks</TT
></A
>, which
is a completely different action, and is more typically used to block ads and
unwanted sites.</P
><P
> If you are familiar with regular expressions, and HTML, you can look at
the provided <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.filter</TT
> with a text editor and define
your own filters. This is potentially a very powerful feature, but
requires some expertise in both regular expressions and HTML/HTTP.
You should
place any modifications to the default filters, or any new ones you create
in a separate file, such as <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.filter</TT
>, so they won't
be overwritten during upgrades.
The ability to define multiple filter files
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>config</TT
> is a new feature as of v. 3.0.5.</P
><P
> There is no GUI editor option for this part of the configuration,
but you can disable/enable the various pre-defined filters of the included
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.filter</TT
> file with the <A
HREF="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status"
TARGET="_top"
>web-based actions file editor</A
>.
Note that the custom actions editor must be explicitly enabled in
the main config file (see <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ENABLE-EDIT-ACTIONS"
TARGET="_top"
>enable-edit-actions</A
>).</P
><P
> If you intend to develop your own filters, you might want to have a look at
<A
HREF="http://www.fabiankeil.de/sourcecode/pft/"
TARGET="_top"
>Privoxy-Filter-Test</A
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="LANCONFIG"
>3.12. How can I set up Privoxy to act as a proxy for my
LAN?</A
></H3
><P
> By default, <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> only responds to requests
from <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>127.0.0.1</TT
> (localhost). To have it act as a server for
a network, this needs to be changed in the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html"
TARGET="_top"
>main configuration file</A
>. Look for
the <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
><A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#LISTEN-ADDRESS"
TARGET="_top"
>listen-address</A
></TT
>
option, which may be commented out with a <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"#"</SPAN
> symbol. Make sure
it is uncommented, and assign it the address of the LAN gateway interface,
and port number to use. Assuming your LAN address is 192.168.1.1 and you
wish to run <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> on port 8118, this line
should look like:</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> listen-address 192.168.1.1:8118</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
> Save the file, and restart <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>. Configure
all browsers on the network then to use this address and port number.</P
><P
> Alternately, you can have <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> listen on
all available interfaces:</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> listen-address :8118</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
> And then use <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy's</SPAN
>
<A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#PERMIT-ACCESS"
TARGET="_top"
>permit-access</A
>
feature to limit connections. A firewall in this situation is recommended
as well.</P
><P
> The above steps should be the same for any TCP network, regardless of
operating system.</P
><P
> If you run <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> on a LAN with untrusted users,
we recommend that you double-check the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ACCESS-CONTROL"
TARGET="_top"
>access control and security</A
>
options!</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN532"
>3.13. Instead of ads, now I get a checkerboard pattern. I don't want to see anything.</A
></H3
><P
> The replacement for blocked images can be controlled with the <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#SET-IMAGE-BLOCKER"
TARGET="_top"
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>set-image-blocker</TT
>
action</A
>. You have the choice of a checkerboard pattern, a transparent 1x1 GIF
image (aka <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"blank"</SPAN
>), or a redirect to a custom image of your choice.
Note that this choice only has effect for images which are blocked as images, i.e.
whose URLs match both a <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
><A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#HANDLE-AS-IMAGE"
TARGET="_top"
>handle-as-image</A
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>and</I
></SPAN
> <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
><A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
>block</A
></TT
> action.</P
><P
> If you want to see nothing, then change the <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#SET-IMAGE-BLOCKER"
TARGET="_top"
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>set-image-blocker</TT
>
action</A
> to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"blank"</SPAN
>. This can be done by editing the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
> file, or through the <A
HREF="http://config.privoxy.org/show-status"
TARGET="_top"
>web-based actions file editor</A
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN549"
>3.14. Why would anybody want to see a checkerboard pattern?</A
></H3
><P
> Remember that <A
HREF="general.html#WHATSANAD"
>telling which image is an ad and which
isn't</A
>, is an educated guess. While we hope that the standard configuration
is rather smart, it will make occasional mistakes. The checkerboard image is visually
decent, and it shows you where images have been blocked, which can be very
helpful in case some navigation aid or otherwise innocent image was
erroneously blocked. It is recommended for new users so they can
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"see"</SPAN
> what is happening. Some people might also enjoy seeing how
many banners they <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>don't</I
></SPAN
> have to see.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN555"
>3.15. I see some images being replaced with text
instead of the checkerboard image. Why and how do I get rid of this?</A
></H3
><P
> This happens when the banners are not embedded in the HTML code of the
page itself, but in separate HTML (sub)documents that are loaded into (i)frames
or (i)layers, and these external HTML documents are blocked. Being non-images
they get replaced by a substitute HTML page rather than a substitute image,
which wouldn't work out technically, since the browser expects and accepts
only HTML when it has requested an HTML document. </P
><P
> The substitute page adapts to the available space and shows itself as a
miniature two-liner if loaded into small frames, or full-blown with a
large red "BLOCKED" banner if space allows.</P
><P
> If you prefer the banners to be blocked by images, you must see to it that
the HTML documents in which they are embedded are not blocked. Clicking
the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"See why"</SPAN
> link offered in the substitute page will show
you which rule blocked the page. After changing the rule and un-blocking
the HTML documents, the browser will try to load the actual banner images
and the usual image blocking will (hopefully!) kick in.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="SRVANY"
>3.16. Can Privoxy run as a service
on Win2K/NT/XP?</A
></H3
><P
> Yes. Version 3.0.5 introduces full <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Windows</SPAN
> service
functionality. See <A
HREF="../user-manual/installation.html#installation-pack-win"
TARGET="_top"
> the <I
CLASS="CITETITLE"
>User Manual</I
></A
> for details on how to install and configure
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> as a service.</P
><P
> Earlier 3.x versions could run as a system service using <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>srvany.exe</B
>.
See the discussion at <A
HREF="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&#38;atid=361118&#38;aid=485617&#38;group_id=11118"
TARGET="_top"
>http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&#38;atid=361118&#38;aid=485617&#38;group_id=11118</A
>,
for details, and a sample configuration.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="OTHERPROXY"
>3.17. How can I make Privoxy work with other
proxies like Squid or Tor?</A
></H3
><P
> This can be done and is often useful to combine the benefits of
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> with those of a another proxy.
See the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#FORWARDING"
TARGET="_top"
>forwarding chapter</A
>
in the <A
HREF="../user-manual/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>User Manual</A
> which
describes how to do this, and the <A
HREF="misc.html#TOR"
> How do I use Privoxy together with
Tor</A
> section below.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="PORT-80"
>3.18. Can I just set Privoxy to use port 80
and thus avoid individual browser configuration?</A
></H3
><P
> No, its more complicated than that. This only works with special kinds
of proxies known as <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"intercepting"</SPAN
> proxies (see below).</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="TRANSPARENT"
>3.19. Can Privoxy run as a <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"transparent"</SPAN
> proxy?</A
></H3
><P
> The whole idea of Privoxy is to modify client requests
and server responses in all sorts of ways and therefore
it's not a transparent proxy as described in
<A
HREF="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616"
TARGET="_top"
>RFC 2616</A
>.</P
><P
> However, some people say <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"transparent proxy"</SPAN
> when they
mean <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"intercepting proxy"</SPAN
>. If you are one of them,
please read the <A
HREF="#intercepting"
TARGET="_top"
>next entry</A
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INTERCEPTING"
>3.20. Can Privoxy run as a <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"intercepting"</SPAN
> proxy?</A
></H3
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> can't intercept traffic itself,
but it can handle requests that where intercepted and redirected
with a packet filter (like <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>PF</SPAN
> or
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>iptables</SPAN
>), as long as the <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>Host</TT
>
header is present.
</P
><P
> As the <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>Host</TT
> header is required by HTTP/1.1 and as most
web sites rely on it anyway, this limitation shouldn't be a problem.</P
><P
> Please refer to your packet filter's documentation to learn how to
intercept and redirect traffic into <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>.
Afterward you just have to configure <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> to
<A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ACCEPT-INTERCEPTED-REQUESTS"
TARGET="_top"
>accept
intercepted requests</A
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="OUTLOOK"
>3.21. How can I configure Privoxy for use with Outlook?</A
></H3
><P
> Versions of <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Outlook</SPAN
> prior to Office 2007, use
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Internet Explorer</SPAN
> components to both render HTML,
and fetch any HTTP requests that may be embedded in an HTML email. So however
you have <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> configured to work with IE, this
configuration should automatically be shared, at least with older version of
Internet Explorer.</P
><P
> Starting with Office 2007, Microsoft is instead using the MS-Word rendering
engine with Outlook. It is unknown whether this can be configured to use a
proxy.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="OUTLOOK-MORE"
>3.22. How can I have separate rules just for HTML mail?</A
></H3
><P
> The short answer is, you can't. <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> has no way
of knowing which particular application makes a request, so there is no way to
distinguish between web pages and HTML mail.
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> just blindly proxies all requests. In the
case of <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Outlook Express</SPAN
> (see above), OE uses
IE anyway, and there is no way for <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> to ever
be able to distinguish between them (nor could any other proxy type application for
that matter).</P
><P
> For a good discussion of some of the issues involved (including privacy and
security issues), see
<A
HREF="http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&#38;atid=211118&#38;aid=629518&#38;group_id=11118"
TARGET="_top"
>http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&#38;atid=211118&#38;aid=629518&#38;group_id=11118</A
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="SNEAKY-COOKIES"
>3.23. I sometimes notice cookies sneaking through. How?</A
></H3
><P
> <A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie"
TARGET="_top"
>Cookies</A
> can be
set in several ways. The classic method is via the
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>Set-Cookie</TT
> HTTP header. This is straightforward, and an
easy one to manipulate, such as the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> concept of
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#SESSION-COOKIES-ONLY"
TARGET="_top"
>session-cookies-only</A
>.
There is also the possibility of using
<A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javascript"
TARGET="_top"
>Javascript</A
> to
set cookies (<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> calls these <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>content-cookies</TT
>). This
is trickier because the syntax can vary widely, and thus requires a certain
amount of guesswork. It is not realistic to catch all of these short of
disabling Javascript, which would break many sites. And lastly, if the
cookies are embedded in a HTTPS/SSL secure session via Javascript, they are beyond
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy's</SPAN
> reach.</P
><P
> All in all, <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> can help manage cookies in general, can help minimize
the loss of privacy posed by cookies, but can't realistically stop all
cookies.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="EVIL-COOKIES"
>3.24. Are all cookies bad? Why?</A
></H3
><P
> No, in fact there are many beneficial uses of
<A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie"
TARGET="_top"
>cookies</A
>. Cookies are just a
method that browsers can use to store data between pages, or between browser
sessions. Sometimes there is a good reason for this, and the user's life is a
bit easier as a result. But there is a long history of some websites taking
advantage of this layer of trust, and using the data they glean from you and
your browsing habits for their own purposes, and maybe to your potential
detriment. Such sites are using you and storing their data on your system.
That is why the privacy conscious watch from whom those cookies come, and why
they really <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>need</I
></SPAN
> to be there.</P
><P
> See the
<A
HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_cookie"
TARGET="_top"
>Wikipedia cookie
definition</A
> for more.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="ALLOW-COOKIES"
>3.25. How can I allow permanent cookies for my trusted sites?</A
></H3
><P
> There are several actions that relate to cookies. The default behavior is to
allow only <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"session cookies"</SPAN
>, which means the cookies only last
for the current browser session. This eliminates most kinds of abuse related
to cookies. But there may be cases where you want cookies to last.</P
><P
> To disable all cookie actions, so that cookies are allowed unrestricted,
both in and out, for <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>example.com</TT
>: </P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> { -crunch-incoming-cookies -crunch-outgoing-cookies -session-cookies-only -filter{content-cookies} }
.example.com</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
> Place the above in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
>. Note that some of these may
be off by default anyway, so this might be redundant, but there is no harm
being explicit in what you want to happen. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
>
includes an alias for this situation, called
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>allow-all-cookies</TT
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="MULTIPLES"
>3.26. Can I have separate configurations for different users?</A
></H3
><P
> Each instance of <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> has its own
configuration, including such attributes as the TCP port that it listens on.
What you can do is run multiple instances of <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>, each with
a unique
<A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#LISTEN-ADDRESS"
TARGET="_top"
>listen-address</A
>
configuration setting, and configuration path, and then
each of these can have their own configurations. Think of it as per-port
configuration.</P
><P
>
Simple enough for a few users, but for large installations, consider having
groups of users that might share like configurations.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="WHITELISTS"
>3.27. Can I set-up Privoxy as a whitelist of
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"good"</SPAN
> sites?</A
></H3
><P
> Sure. There are a couple of things you can do for simple white-listing.
Here's one real easy one:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> ############################################################
# Blacklist
############################################################
{ <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
>+block</A
> }
/ # Block *all* URLs
############################################################
# Whitelist
############################################################
{ <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
>-block</A
> }
kids.example.com
toys.example.com
games.example.com</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> This allows access to only those three sites by first blocking all URLs, and
then subsequently allowing three specific exceptions.</P
><P
> Another approach is <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy's</SPAN
>
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>trustfile</TT
> concept, which incorporates the notion of
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"trusted referrers"</SPAN
>. See the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#TRUSTFILE"
TARGET="_top"
>Trust documentation</A
>
for details.</P
><P
> These are fairly simple approaches and are not completely foolproof. There
are various other configuration options that should be disabled (described
elsewhere here and in <A
HREF="../user-manual/"
TARGET="_top"
>the User Manual</A
>)
so that users can't modify their own configuration and easily circumvent the
whitelist.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="NO-ADBLOCK"
>3.28. How can I turn off ad-blocking?</A
></H3
><P
> Ad blocking is achieved through a complex application of various <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
>
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html"
TARGET="_top"
>actions</A
>. These
actions are deployed against simple images, banners, flash animations,
text pages, JavaScript, pop-ups and pop-unders, etc., so its not as simple as
just turning one or two actions off. The various actions that make up
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> ad blocking are hard-coded into the default configuration files. It
has been assumed that everyone using <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> is interested in this
particular feature.
</P
><P
> If you want to do without this, there are several approaches you can take:
You can manually undo the many block rules in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.action</TT
>. Or even easier, just create your own
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>default.action</TT
> file from scratch without the many ad
blocking rules, and corresponding exceptions. Or lastly, if you are not
concerned about the additional blocks that are done for privacy reasons, you
can very easily over-ride <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>all</I
></SPAN
> blocking with the
following very simple rule in your <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>user.action</TT
>:
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> # Unblock everybody, everywhere
{ <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
>-block</A
> }
/ # UN-Block *all* URLs</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
>
Or even a more comprehensive reversing of various ad related actions:</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> # Unblock everybody, everywhere, and turn off appropriate filtering, etc
{ <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#BLOCK"
TARGET="_top"
>-block</A
> \
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#FILTER-BANNERS-BY-SIZE"
TARGET="_top"
>-filter{banners-by-size}</A
> \
<A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#FILTER-BANNERS-BY-LINK"
TARGET="_top"
>-filter{banners-by-link}</A
> \
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>allow-popups</TT
> \
}
/ # UN-Block *all* URLs and allow ads</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
> This last <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"action"</SPAN
> in this compound statement,
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>allow-popups</TT
>, is an <A
HREF="../user-manual/actions-file.html#ALIASES"
TARGET="_top"
>alias</A
> that disables
various pop-up blocking features.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="TEMPLATES"
>3.29. How can I have custom template pages, like the
<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>BLOCKED</I
></SPAN
> page?</A
></H3
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"templates"</SPAN
> are specialized text files utilized by
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> for various purposes and can easily be modified using any text
editor. All the template pages are installed in a sub-directory appropriately
named: <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>templates</TT
>. Knowing something about HTML syntax
will of course be helpful.</P
><P
> Be forewarned that the default templates are subject to being overwritten
during upgrades. You can, however, create completely new templates,
place them in another directory and specify the alternate path in the main
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>config</TT
>. For details, have a look at the <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#templdir"
TARGET="_top"
>templdir</A
> option. </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H3
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="BLOCKALL"
>3.30. How can I remove the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Go There Anyway"</SPAN
> link from
the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>BLOCKED</I
></SPAN
> page?</A
></H3
><P
> There is more than one way to do it (although Perl is not involved).</P
><P
> Editing the BLOCKED template page (see above) may dissuade some users, but
this method is easily circumvented. Where you need this level of control, you
might want to build <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> from source, and disable various features that are
available as compile-time options. You should
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</B
> the sources as follows:</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> ./configure --disable-toggle --disable-editor --disable-force</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></P
><P
> This will create an executable with hard-coded security features so that
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy</SPAN
> does not allow easy bypassing of blocked sites, or changing the
current configuration via any connected user's web browser.</P
><P
> Finally, all of these features can also be toggled on/off via options in
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Privoxy's</SPAN
> main <A
HREF="../user-manual/config.html#ACCESS-CONTROL"
TARGET="_top"
>config</A
> file which
means you don't have to recompile anything.</P
></DIV
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